Rexburg is a city in Madison County, Idaho, United States. The population was 25,484 at the 2010 census, up from 17,257 in 2000. The city is the county seat of Madison County and its largest city. Rexburg is the principal city of the Rexburg, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Fremont and Madison Counties. The city is home to Brigham Young University-Idaho, a private institution operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

The city takes its name from Ricks, the German form of which is "Rex", after founder Thomas Edwin Ricks. The city was incorporated in 1883.

Rexburg was severely damaged by the famous Teton Dam Flood of June 1976. The Teton River flowed through northern Rexburg, and left most of the city underwater for several days after the Teton Dam ruptured. Cooperation of the people within the community quickened the recovery. A museum dedicated to the Teton Dam Flood and the history of Rexburg and the area, located in the basement of the Rexburg Tabernacle, has been a major city landmark for decades. Upon its dedication in February 2008, the Rexburg Idaho Temple made Rexburg the third city in Idaho with an LDS temple.

Since the announcement of the transition from Ricks College to Brigham Young University-Idaho the population of Rexburg has grown dramatically.

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