Ichneumon

Gąsienicznik
	Ichneumon
	Linnaeus, 1758
	; Ichneumon minutorius
	Systematyka
Domena	eukarionty
Królestwo	zwierzęta
Typ	stawonogi
Gromada	owady
Rząd	błonkoskrzydłe
Nadrodzina	gąsieniczniki
Rodzina	gąsienicznikowate
Podrodzina	Ichneumoninae
Plemię	Ichneumonini
Rodzaj	Ichneumon
Synonimy
	Colobacis Cameron, 1901; Coreojoppa Uchida, 1926; Euichneumon Berthoumieu, 1904; Matsumuraius Ashmead, 1906; Pterocormus Foerster, 1850; Tyanites Cameron, 1903; Vabsaris Cameron, 1903; Brachypterus Gravenhorst, 1829;
	Colobacis Cameron, 1901; Coreojoppa Uchida, 1926; Euichneumon Berthoumieu, 1904; Matsumuraius Ashmead, 1906; Pterocormus Foerster, 1850; Tyanites Cameron, 1903; Vabsaris Cameron, 1903; Brachypterus Gravenhorst, 1829;

Gąsienicznik (Ichneumon) – rodzaj błonkoskrzydłych z rodziny gąsienicznikowatych i podrodziny Ichneumoninae.

Przedstawiciele rodzaju są parazytoidami, których larwy rozwijają się w ciele żywicieli. Większość gatunków to endopasożyty porażające poczwarki motyli z grupy Macrolepidoptera. W rodzaju tym przeważają idiobionty, ale znaleźć tu można również koinobionty, które porażają larwę zanim ta przeobrazi się w poczwarkę. Istnieją zarówno gatunki wysoko polifagiczne, jak i ograniczone do jednego gatunku żywiciela^[1].

Z terenu Polski wykazano około 150 gatunków, z których około 20 wymaga potwierdzenia^[2].

W sumie do rodzaju tego należy ponad 270 opisanych gatunków^[3]:

Ichneumon acosmus Kriechbaumer, 1880
†Ichneumon acourti Cockerell, 1921
Ichneumon acuticornis Thomson, 1896
Ichneumon adelungi Kokujev, 1909
Ichneumon admontis Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon adonis (Viereck, 1903)
Ichneumon aemulus (Tosquinet, 1889)
Ichneumon aequicalcar Thomson, 1888
Ichneumon affector Tischbein, 1879
Ichneumon albiger Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon albiornatus Tischbein, 1877
Ichneumon alius Tischbein, 1879
Ichneumon almeriae Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon alpestriformis (Viereck, 1923)
Ichneumon alpestriops Heinrich, 1951
Ichneumon alpestris Holmgren, 1864
†Ichneumon alpha Brues, 1910
Ichneumon alpinator Aubert, 1964
Ichneumon altaicola Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon amauropus Heinrich, 1956
Ichneumon amblypygops Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon ambulatorius Fabricius, 1775
Ichneumon americanicolor Heinrich & Gupta, 1957
Ichneumon amphibolus Kriechbaumer, 1888
Ichneumon ampliventris Berthoumieu, 1894
Ichneumon analis Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon analisorius Heinrich, 1952
Ichneumon annaelisae Heinrich, 1965
Ichneumon annulatorius Fabricius, 1775
Ichneumon appetens Kawall, 1868
Ichneumon approximans Provancher, 1886
†Ichneumon aquensis Heer, 1861
Ichneumon aquilonius Perkins, 1953
Ichneumon aranearum Retzius, 1783
Ichneumon ardates Cameron, 1897
Ichneumon areolaris Kokujev, 1904
Ichneumon arisanus Uchida, 1929
Ichneumon artemis (Viereck, 1902)
Ichneumon arvernicus Pic, 1914
Ichneumon asiaticus Roman, 1926
Ichneumon atrox Cresson, 1877
Ichneumon australis (Uchida, 1926)
Ichneumon balteatus Wesmael, 1845
Ichneumon barbator Fabricius, 1793
Ichneumon barbatus Cuvier, 1833
Ichneumon basilaris Geoffroy, 1785
Ichneumon bavaricus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon bellipes Wesmael, 1845
Ichneumon berninae (Habermehl, 1916)
Ichneumon bicinctus Fuesslin, 1775
Ichneumon bicingulus (Townes, Momoi & Townes, 1965)
Ichneumon bicoloranus (Cushman, 1938)
Ichneumon bifasciatus Geoffroy, 1785
Ichneumon bilimeki Cameron, 1884
Ichneumon bimembris Provancher, 1877
Ichneumon binotatus (Ashmead, 1890)
Ichneumon boreellus Thomson, 1896
Ichneumon brenthise Uchida, 1957
Ichneumon brevis Tischbein, 1873
Ichneumon broweri Heinrich, 1961
Ichneumon browni Heinrich, 1961
Ichneumon browniops Heinrich, 1969
Ichneumon brunneicauda (Cushman, 1938)
Ichneumon bucculentus Wesmael, 1845
Ichneumon buryas Heinrich, 1949
Ichneumon byrdiae Heinrich, 1956
Ichneumon byrdiops Heinrich, 1956
Ichneumon caedator Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon caliginosus Cresson, 1864
Ichneumon calitergus Cresson, 1867
Ichneumon caloscelis Wesmael, 1845
Ichneumon canadensis Cresson, 1867
Ichneumon canadicola Heinrich, 1961
†Ichneumon cannoni Cockerell, 1910
Ichneumon capriolus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon captorius Thunberg, 1822
Ichneumon carinator Fabricius, 1798
Ichneumon carinatus (Kokujev, 1927)
Ichneumon castor Cameron, 1884
Ichneumon cavator Müller, 1776
Ichneumon centralpinicola Bauer, 1999
Ichneumon centrator Say, 1825
Ichneumon cerebrosus Wesmael, 1859
Ichneumon cerinthius Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon cervulus Provancher, 1875
Ichneumon cessator Müller, 1776
Ichneumon cessatorops Heinrich, 1956
Ichneumon chasmiops Heinrich, 1965
Ichneumon chasmodops Heinrich, 1961
Ichneumon chernovi Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon chinensis Kokujev, 1904
Ichneumon cinxiae Kriechbaumer, 1890
Ichneumon citrifrons Cresson, 1867
Ichneumon clarimontis Cameron, 1908
Ichneumon clasma (Carlson, 1979)
Ichneumon compar Cresson, 1877
Ichneumon computatorius Müller, 1776
†Ichneumon concretus Brues, 1910
Ichneumon confundor Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon confusor Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon coniger Tischbein, 1876
Ichneumon connectens Roman, 1904
Ichneumon conscopa Heinrich, 1961
Ichneumon contemptus Kokujev, 1909
Ichneumon contractus (Ashmead, 1890)
Ichneumon contrarius Berthoumieu, 1895
Ichneumon corax Berthoumieu, 1894
Ichneumon crassifemur Thomson, 1886
Ichneumon craterorum Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon creperus Cresson, 1867
Ichneumon criticus Tischbein, 1881
Ichneumon cupidus Kawall, 1868
Ichneumon cupitus Cresson, 1877
Ichneumon curticrus (Provancher, 1888)
Ichneumon curtulus Kriechbaumer, 1882
Ichneumon cyanimontis Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon cynthiae Kriechbaumer, 1888
Ichneumon decurtatus Wesmael, 1845
Ichneumon delator Wesmael, 1845
Ichneumon denticulator Müller, 1776
Ichneumon didymus Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon dilleri Heinrich, 1980
Ichneumon diversor Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon dolosus Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon emancipatops Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon emancipatus Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon enervator Linnaeus, 1758
Ichneumon eremitatorius Zetterstedt, 1838
Ichneumon erythromerus Wesmael, 1857
Ichneumon eumerus Wesmael, 1857
Ichneumon exilicornis Wesmael, 1857
Ichneumon extensorius Linnaeus, 1758
Ichneumon factor Dalla Torre, 1901
Ichneumon ferrandi Pic, 1914
Ichneumon filatus (Tischbein, 1879)
Ichneumon flavoclypeatus Pfeffer, 1913
Ichneumon formosus Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon freyi Kriechbaumer, 1880
Ichneumon fuliginosus Habermehl, 1909
Ichneumon fulvicornis Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon gibbosus Brischke, 1878
Ichneumon gibbulus Thomson, 1886
Ichneumon gracilentus Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon gracilicornis Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon grandicornis Thomson, 1886
Ichneumon gratus Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon haematofemur Heinrich, 1980
Ichneumon haematonotus Wesmael, 1859
Ichneumon haemorrhoicus Kriechbaumer, 1887
Ichneumon haeselbarthi Heinrich, 1973
Ichneumon haglundi Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon helleni Heinrich, 1951
Ichneumon helveticus (Pic, 1899)
Ichneumon hinzi Heinrich, 1972
Ichneumon hypolius Thomson, 1888
Ichneumon ignobilis Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon ingae Heinrich, 1980
Ichneumon ingratus (Hellén, 1951)
Ichneumon inops Holmgren, 1880
Ichneumon inquinatus Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon insidiosus Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon intermedius Constantineanu & Voicu, 1977
Ichneumon intricator Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon inutilis Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon jugicola Heinrich, 1949
Ichneumon karpaticus Heinrich, 1951
Ichneumon laevibasis Hellén, 1951
Ichneumon languidus Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon lapponicus Hellén, 1951
Ichneumon latecinctus Schmiedeknecht, 1929
Ichneumon lateralis Kriechbaumer, 1887
Ichneumon lautatorius Desvignes, 1856
Ichneumon lectus Kokujev, 1908
Ichneumon leptostigma Kriechbaumer, 1888
Ichneumon leucopeltis Thomson, 1888
Ichneumon ligatorius Thunberg, 1822
Ichneumon luteipes Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon macilentus (Tischbein, 1881)
Ichneumon manicatus Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon marmotus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon megapodius Heinrich, 1949
Ichneumon melanobatus Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon melanoceras Ratzeburg, 1844
Ichneumon melanoleucos Gmelin, 1790
Ichneumon melanophthalmus Schrank, 1776
Ichneumon melanopygus Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon melanosomus Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon melanotis Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon memorator Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon micropnygus Thomson, 1893
Ichneumon minutorius Desvignes, 1856
Ichneumon mixtus Gmelin, 1790
Ichneumon moelleri Holmgren, 1884
Ichneumon molitorius Holmgren, 1861
Ichneumon monospilus Thomson, 1896
Ichneumon mordax Kriechbaumer, 1875
Ichneumon multipictus Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon nebulosae Hinz, 1975
Ichneumon norvegicus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon novemalbatus Kriechbaumer, 1875
Ichneumon nubigenus Roman, 1938
Ichneumon nyssaeus Holmgren, 1878
Ichneumon obliteratus Wesmael, 1855
Ichneumon oblongus Schrank, 1802
Ichneumon obscuritarsis Dalla Torre, 1902
Ichneumon obscurus Geoffroy, 1785
Ichneumon observandus Heinrich, 1951
Ichneumon occidentis Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon opacus Tischbein, 1881
Ichneumon ostentator Heinrich, 1978
Ichneumon oviventroides Hinz, 1975
Ichneumon palugracilicornis Bauer, 1999
Ichneumon paragravipes Rasnitsyn, 1981
Ichneumon parengensis Kiss, 1929
Ichneumon peloponnesus Heinrich, 1980
Ichneumon phaeostigmus Wesmael, 1857
Ichneumon piceatorius Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon pictus Bauer, 1936
Ichneumon pinquicornis Bauer, 1985
Ichneumon plautus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon polyxanthus (Kriechbaumer, 1869)
Ichneumon porcellus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon posticus Geoffroy, 1785
Ichneumon primatorius Foerster, 1771
Ichneumon proletarius Wesmael, 1848
Ichneumon promissorius Erichson, 1842
Ichneumon propinquus Tischbein, 1874
Ichneumon pseudocaloscelis Heinrich, 1949
Ichneumon pulvinatus Kriechbaumer, 1874
Ichneumon pygolissus Heinrich, 1951
Ichneumon quadrialbatus Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon quadriannellatus Thomson, 1893
Ichneumon quaesitorius Linnaeus, 1761
Ichneumon quinquealbatus Kriechbaumer, 1890
Ichneumon rogenhoferops Heinrich, 1980
Ichneumon rudolphi Holmgren, 1884
Ichneumon rufidorsatus Bridgman, 1887
Ichneumon rufigena Kriechbaumer, 1875
Ichneumon ruttneri Heinrich, 1944
Ichneumon sarcitorius Linnaeus, 1758
Ichneumon saxifragator Bauer, 1985
Ichneumon scopulator Berthoumieu, 1892
Ichneumon sculpturatus Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon seisensis Kriechbaumer, 1893
Ichneumon semiorbitalis Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon sexcinctus Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon siculus Kriechbaumer, 1887
Ichneumon signaticornis Kriechbaumer, 1893
Ichneumon silaceus Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon similaris Provancher, 1875
Ichneumon simulans Tischbein, 1873
Ichneumon spurius Wesmael, 1848
Ichneumon stenocerus Thomson, 1887
Ichneumon stigmatorius Zetterstedt, 1838
Ichneumon stramentarius Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon stramentor Rasnitsyn, 1981
Ichneumon subalpinus Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon subannulatus Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon submarginatus Gravenhorst, 1829
Ichneumon subsolis Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon sulcatoriops Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon suspiciosus Wesmael, 1844
Ichneumon suturalis Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon terminatorius Gravenhorst, 1820
Ichneumon thomsoni Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon trialbatus Kriechbaumer, 1880
Ichneumon tuberculipes Wesmael, 1848
Ichneumon vafer Tischbein, 1876
Ichneumon validicornis Holmgren, 1864
Ichneumon ventus Hilpert, 1992
Ichneumon veressi (Kiss, 1915)
Ichneumon vorax Geoffroy, 1785
Ichneumon vulneratorius Zetterstedt, 1838
Ichneumon xanthorius Foerster, 1771

Przypisy[edytuj | edytuj kod]

↑ Andreas Tschopp, Matthias Riedel, Christian Kropf, Wolfgang Nentwig, Seraina Klopfstein. The evolution of host associations in the parasitic wasp genus Ichneumon (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): convergent adaptations to host pupation sites. „BMC Evolutionary Biology”. 13 (74), 2013.
↑ Tadeusz Kaźmierczak. Checklist of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) of Poland. „Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, Forestry”. 7 (2), 2004.
↑ Ichneumon. [w:] BioLib.cz [on-line]. [dostęp 2015-12-01].

[Tschoppetal-1] Andreas Tschopp, Matthias Riedel, Christian Kropf, Wolfgang Nentwig, Seraina Klopfstein. The evolution of host associations in the parasitic wasp genus Ichneumon (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): convergent adaptations to host pupation sites. „BMC Evolutionary Biology”. 13 (74), 2013.

[Kazmierczak-2] Tadeusz Kaźmierczak. Checklist of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) of Poland. „Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities, Forestry”. 7 (2), 2004.

[biolib-3] Ichneumon. [w:] BioLib.cz [on-line]. [dostęp 2015-12-01].

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