Lud Tiele

Tiele (chin. 鐵勒 lub 敕勒, pinyin Tiělè, mong. Tegreg^[1]), Gaoche^[2]^[3], Gaoju (chin. 高車)^[4]^[5]^[6] – historyczna konfederacja plemienna pochodzenia tureckiego^[7] powstała po rozpadzie konfederacji Xiongnu^[8].

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↑ ḠOZZ – Encyclopaedia Iranica [online], iranicaonline.org [dostęp 2024-04-24] (ang.).
↑ Duan, "Dingling, Gaoju and Tiele", p. 11–12.
↑ Pulleyblank, "Central Asia and Non-Chinese Peoples of Ancient China", p. VII 21–26.
↑ Michael RobertM.R. Drompp Michael RobertM.R., Tang China And The Collapse Of The Uighur Empire: A Documentary History, BRILL, 2005, ISBN 978-90-04-14129-2 [dostęp 2023-12-25] (ang.).
↑ Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1991). "The "High Carts": An amalgamation of Mongolic and Turkic Speaking People before the Türks". Asia Major. Third series. Academia Sinica. 3 (1): 21–22.
↑ James A.J.A. Millward James A.J.A., Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Hurst, 2007, ISBN 978-1-84904-067-9 [dostęp 2023-12-25] (ang.).
↑ Mackerras, Colin (1972). The Uighur empire : according to the T'ang dynastic histories : a study in Sino-Uighur relations, 744-840 (2nd edition revised and expanded. ed.). Canberra: Australian national university press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0708104576.
↑ Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi, Peter de Ridder Press, 1983 [dostęp 2023-12-25] (ang.).

[1] ḠOZZ – Encyclopaedia Iranica [online], iranicaonline.org [dostęp 2024-04-24] (ang.).

[2] Duan, "Dingling, Gaoju and Tiele", p. 11–12.

[3] Pulleyblank, "Central Asia and Non-Chinese Peoples of Ancient China", p. VII 21–26.

[4] Michael RobertM.R. Drompp Michael RobertM.R., Tang China And The Collapse Of The Uighur Empire: A Documentary History, BRILL, 2005, ISBN 978-90-04-14129-2 [dostęp 2023-12-25] (ang.).

[5] Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1991). "The "High Carts": An amalgamation of Mongolic and Turkic Speaking People before the Türks". Asia Major. Third series. Academia Sinica. 3 (1): 21–22.

[6] James A.J.A. Millward James A.J.A., Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Hurst, 2007, ISBN 978-1-84904-067-9 [dostęp 2023-12-25] (ang.).

[7] Mackerras, Colin (1972). The Uighur empire : according to the T'ang dynastic histories : a study in Sino-Uighur relations, 744-840 (2nd edition revised and expanded. ed.). Canberra: Australian national university press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0708104576.

[8] Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi, Peter de Ridder Press, 1983 [dostęp 2023-12-25] (ang.).

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