Lista najjaśniejszych gwiazd według jasności wizualnej
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Poniższa lista zawiera 100 najjaśniejszych gwiazd nocnego nieba (według jasności widomej); dla porównania zamieszczono też dane dotyczące Słońca. W układach podwójnych i wielokrotnych wyróżnione zostały pojedyncze gwiazdy. Jasność układu jako całości można znaleźć w osobnej tabeli poniżej.
| Jasność wizualna w magnitudo |
Oznaczenie gwiazdy w gwiazdozbiorze |
Nazwa gwiazdy | Odległość w (latach świetlnych) |
Rektascensja | Deklinacja | Uwagi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | −26,73 | Słońce | 0,000 016 | ||||
| 1 | −1,44 | α CMa | Syriusz | 8,6 | 6h 45m 08,92s | −16° 42' 58,02" | |
| 2 | −0,62 | α Car | Kanopus | 310 | 6h 23m 57,11s | −52° 4' 44,38" | |
| 3 | −0,05 | α Boo | Arktur | 36,7 | 14h 15m 39,7s | 19° 10' 56" | Zmiany jasności o 0,04m co 8,3 dnia |
| 4 | −0,01 | α1 Cen | alfa Centauri A, Rigil Kent | 4,36 | 14h 39m 36,50s | −60° 50' 02,31" | |
| 5 | 0,03 | α Lyr | Wega | 25,3 | 18h 36m 56,34s | 38° 47' 01,29" | |
| 6 | 0,18 | β Ori | Rigel | 780 | 5h 14m 32,27s | -8° 12' 05,91" | |
| 7 | 0,4 | α CMi | Procjon | 11,4 | 7h 39m 18,1s | 5° 13' 29" | |
| 8 | 0,45 | α Eri | Achernar | 144 | 01h 37m 42,8s | -57° 14' 12" | |
| 9 | 0,45 | α Ori | Betelgeza | 427 | 5h 55m 10,31s | 7° 24' 25,43" | Zmiany jasności od 1,2m do 0,3m |
| 10 | 0,61 | β Cen | Hadar | 525 | 14h 03m 49,4s | -60° 22' 23" | |
| 11 | 0,71 | α1 Aur | Kapella A | 42,2 | 5h 16m 41,36s | 45° 59' 52,77" | |
| 12 | 0,76 | α Aql | Altair | 16,8 | 19h 50m 47,00s | 8° 52' 05,96" | |
| 13 | 0,87 | α Tau | Aldebaran | 65 | 4h 35m 55,2s | 16° 30' 33" | Zmiany jasności o 0,2m |
| 14 | 0,96 | α1 Aur | Kapella B | 42,2 | 5h 16m 41,36s | 45° 59' 52,77" | |
| 15 | 0,98 | α Vir | Spika | 260 | 13h 25m 11,6s | -11° 09' 41" | |
| 16 | 1,06 | α Sco | Antares | 600 | 16h 29m 24s | -26° 25' 55" | |
| 17 | 1,16 | β Gem | Polluks | 33,7 | 7h 45m 19,4s | 28° 01' 35" | 1 planeta: Polluks b |
| 18 | 1,17 | α PsA | Fomalhaut | 25,1 | 22h 57m 39,1s | -29° 37' 20" | 1 planeta: Fomalhaut b |
| 19 | 1,25 | β Cru | beta Krzyża | 355 | 12h 47m 43,2s | -59° 41' 19" | |
| 20 | 1,25 | α Cyg | Deneb | 3000 | 20h 41m 25,9s | 45° 16' 49" | |
| 21 | 1,35 | α2 Cen | alfa Centauri B | 4,36 | 14h 39m 35,08s | -60° 50' 13,76" | 1 planeta: alfa Centauri Bb |
| 22 | 1,35 | α Leo | Regulus | 78 | 10h 08m 22,3s | 11° 58' 02" | |
| 23 | 1,40 | α1 Cru | Acrux A | 320 | 12h 26m 35,90s | -63° 05' 56,73" | |
| 24 | 1,51 | ε CMa | Adara | 430 | 6h 58m 37,6s | -28° 58' 19" | |
| 25 | 1,62 | λ Sco | Shaula | 700 | 17h 33m 36,6s | -37° 06' 13" | |
| 26 | 1,63 | γ Cru | gamma Krzyża | 88 | 12h 31m 9,9s | -57° 06' 48" | |
| 27 | 1,64 | γ Ori | Bellatrix | 242 | 5h 25m 07,9s | 6° 20' 59" | |
| 28 | 1,65 | β Tau | El Nath | 131 | 5h 26m 17,5s | 28° 36' 27" | |
| 29 | 1,67 | β Car | Miaplacidus | 111 | 9h 13m 12,0s | -69° 43' 02" | |
| 30 | 1,70 | ε Ori | Alnilam | 1340 | 5h 36m 12,8s | -1° 12' 06,9" | |
| 31 | 1,70 | ζ1 Ori | Alnitak A | 820 | 5h 40m 45,5s | -1° 56' 34" | |
| 32 | 1,73 | α Gru | Al Nair | 101 | 22h 08m 14,0s | -46° 57' 39,5" | |
| 33 | 1,76 | ε UMa | Alioth | 81 | 12h 54m 01,6s | 55° 57' 35,4" | |
| 34 | 1,78 | γ21 Vel | Al Suhail | 840 | 8h 09m 32,0s | -47° 20' 12,0" | |
| 35 | 1,79 | ε Sgr | Kaus Australis | 145 | 18h 24m 10,3s | -34° 23' 03,5" | |
| 36 | 1,79 | α Per | Algenib | 590 | 3h 24m 19,4s | 49° 51' 40" | |
| 37 | 1,83 | δ CMa | Wezen | 1790 | 7h 08m 23,5s | -26° 23' 36" | |
| 38 | 1,85 | η UMa | Alkaid | 101 | 13h 47m 32,4s | 49° 18' 48" | |
| 39 | 1,86 | θ Sco | Sargas | 270 | 17h 37m 19,1s | -42° 59' 52" | |
| 40 | 1,87 | α1 UMa | Dubhe A | 124 | 11h 03m 43,7s | 61° 45' 03" | |
| 41 | 1,90 | β Aur | Menkalinan | 82 | 5h 59m 31,7s | 44° 56' 51" | |
| 42 | 1,91 | α TrA | Atria | 415 | 16h 48m 39,9s | -69° 01' 40" | |
| 43 | 1,93 | γ Gem | Alhena | 105 | 6h 37m 42,7s | 16° 23' 57" | |
| 44 | 1,94 | α Pav | Peacock | 183 | 20h 25m 38,9s | -56° 44' 06" | |
| 45 | 1,96 | α1 Gem | Kastor A | 52 | 7h 34m 36s | 31° 53' 18" | |
| 46 | 1,97 | α UMi | Gwiazda Polarna | 430 | 2h 31m 48,7s | 89° 15' 51" | Gwiazda zmienna – cefeida |
| 47 | 1,98 | β CMa | Murzim | 500 | 6h 22m 42s | -17° 57' 21,3" | |
| 48 | 1,99 | α Hya | Alphard | 177 | 9h 27m 35,2s | -8° 39' 31" | |
| 49 | 2,01 | α Ari | Hamal | 66 | 2h 07m 10,41s | 23° 27' 44,72" | Zmiany jasności od 2,04m do 1,98m |
| 50 | 2,28 | γ Leo | Algieba | 126 | 10h 19m 58,3s | 19° 50' 30" | 1 planeta: gamma 1 Leonis b |
| 51 | 2,03 | δ1 Vel | delta Velorum A | 80 | 8h 44m 42,2s | -54° 42' 30" | |
| 52 | 2,04 | β Cet | Deneb Kaitos | 96 | 0h 43m 35,2s | -17° 59' 12" | |
| 53 | 2,05 | σ Sgr | Nunki | 225 | 18h 55m 15,9s | -26° 17' 48" | |
| 54 | 2,06 | κ Ori | Saif | 720 | 5h 47m 45,4s | -9° 40' 11" | |
| 55 | 2,06 | θ Cen | Menkent | 61 | 14h 06m 41,3s | 36° 22' 07,3" | |
| 56 | 2,07 | β And | Mirach | 200 | 1h 09m 43,92s | 35° 37' 14,01" | Zmiany jasności od 2,10m do 2,01m |
| 57 | 2,07 | β UMi | Kochab | 127 | 14h 50m 42,3s | 74° 09' 20" | |
| 58 | 2,07 | β Gru | beta Gruis | 170 | 22h 42m 40,1s | -43° 53' 05" | Zmiany jasności od 2,3m do 2,0m |
| 59 | 2,08 | α Oph | Ras Alhague | 46,7 | 17h 34m 56,1s | 12° 33' 36" | |
| 60 | 2,09 | α2 Cru | Acrux B | 320 | 12h 26m 35,90s | -63° 05' 56,73" | |
| 61 | 2,12 | β1 Per | Algol A | 93 | 3h 08m 10,13s | 40° 57' 20,33" | Okresowe spadki jasności do 3,4m |
| 62 | 2,14 | β Leo | Denebola | 36,2 | 11h 49m 03,58s | 14° 34' 19,42" | |
| 63 | 2,15 | γ Cas | gamma Cassiopeiae | 610 | 0h 56m 42,5s | 60° 43' 00" | |
| 64 | 2,21 | ζ Pup | Naos | 1400 | 8h 03m 35,1s | -40° 00' 11,6" | |
| 65 | 2,21 | ι Car | Aspidiske | 690 | 9h 17m 05,4s | -59° 16' 31" | |
| 66 | 2,22 | α1 And | Alpheratz A | 97 | 0h 08m 23,26s | 29° 05' 25,56" | |
| 67 | 2,23 | λ Vel | lambda Velorum | 575 | 9h 07m 59,8s | -43° 25' 57" | Zmiany jasności od 2,30m do 2,14m |
| 68 | 2,23 | γ Cyg | Sadr | 1520 | 20h 22m 13,7s | 40° 15' 24" | |
| 69 | 2,24 | α1 CrB | Gemma A | 75 | 15h 34m 41,3s | 26° 42' 53" | |
| 70 | 2,24 | α Cas | Szedar | 228 | 0h 40m 30,5s | 56° 32' 14,5" | |
| 71 | 2,24 | γ Dra | Eltanin | 148 | 17h 56m 36,4s | 51° 29' 20,3" | |
| 72 | 2,26 | γ1 And | Alamach A | 355 | 2h 03m 53,95s | 42° 19' 47,01" | |
| 73 | 2,28 | β Cas | Caph | 54 | 0h 09m 10,7s | 59° 08' 59" | Zmiany jasności od 2,31m do 2,25m |
| 74 | 2,28 | γ1 Leo | Algieba A | 126 | 10h 19m 58,3s | 19° 50' 30" | |
| 75 | 2,29 | ε Cen | epsilon Centauri | 375 | 13h 39m 53,2s | -53° 27' 59" | |
| 76 | 2,29 | δ Sco | Dschuba | 400 | 16h 00m 20,0s | -22° 37' 18" | |
| 77 | 2,29 | ε Sco | Wei | 65 | 16h 50m 09,8s | -34° 17' 36" | |
| 78 | 2,30 | α Lup | alfa Lupi | 550 | 14h 41m 55,8s | -47° 23' 18" | |
| 79 | 2,3 | ζ1 UMa | Mizar A | 78 | 13h 23m 55,5s | 54° 55' 31" | |
| 80 | 2,33 | η Cen | eta Centauri | 310 | 14h 35m 30,4s | -42° 09' 28" | |
| 81 | 2,34 | β UMa | Merak | 79 | 11h 01m 50,5s | 56° 22' 57" | |
| 82 | 2,38 | ε Peg | Enif | 670 | 21h 44m 11,2s | 9° 52' 30,0" | |
| 83 | 2,39 | κ Sco | Girtab | 465 | 17h 42m 29,3s | -39° 01' 48" | |
| 84 | 2,40 | α Phe | Ankaa | 77 | 0h 26m 17,1s | -42° 18' 21,5" | |
| 85 | 2,4 | ε1 Car | Avior A | 630 | 8h 22m 30,8s | -59° 30' 35" | |
| 86 | 2,41 | γ UMa | Phecda | 84 | 11h 53m 49,8s | 53° 41' 41" | |
| 87 | 2,44 | β Peg | Scheat | 199 | 23h 03m 46,5s | 28° 04' 58,0" | |
| 88 | 2,45 | α Cep | Alderamin | 49 | 21h 18m 34,8s | 62° 35' 08,0" | |
| 89 | 2,45 | η CMa | Aludra | 3200 | 7h 24m 11,1s | -29° 18' 11" | |
| 90 | 2,47 | κ Vel | kappa Velorum | 540 | 9h 22m 06,8s | -55° 00' 39" | |
| 91 | 2,50 | ε1 Cyg | Gienah | 165 | 20h 46m 12,5s | 33° 58' 12,9" | |
| 92 | 2,49 | α Peg | Markab | 140 | 23h 04m 45,7s | 15° 12' 18,9" | |
| 93 | 2,54 | α Cet | Menkar | 220 | 3h 02m 16,8s | 4° 05' 23,0" | |
| 94 | 2,54 | ζ Oph | zeta Ophiuchi | 460 | 16h 37m 09,5s | -10° 34' 01,4" | |
| 95 | 2,55 | ζ Cen | zeta Centauri | 385 | 13h 55m 32,4s | 47° 17' 18" | |
| 96 | 2,56 | δ Leo | Zosma | 58 | 11h 14m 06,5s | 20° 31' 25,4" | |
| 97 | 2,56 | β1 Sco | Acrab A | 530 | 16h 05m 26,7s | -19° 48' 20" | |
| 98 | 2,58 | α Lep | Arneb | 1280 | 5h 32m 43,8s | -17° 49' 20,3" | |
| 99 | 2,58 | δ Cen | delta Centauri | 395 | 12h 08m 21,5s | -50° 43' 21" |
Gwiazdy tworzące układy podwójne i wielokrotne nie są zwykle rozróżnialne gołym okiem. Do najjaśniejszych układów gwiazd należą:
| Jasność wizualna w magnitudo |
Oznaczenie gwiazdy w gwiazdozbiorze |
Nazwa gwiazdy | Odległość w (latach świetlnych) |
Rektascensja | Deklinacja | Liczba składników | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | −0,27 | α Cen | alfa Centauri | 4,36 | 14h 39m 36,50s | −60° 50' 02,31" | 3 |
| 2 | 0,08 | α Aur | Kapella | 42,2 | 5h 16m 41,36s | 45° 59' 52,77" | 4 |
| 3 | 0,59 | α Gem | Kastor | 52 | 7h 34m 36s | 31° 53' 18" | 6 |
| 4 | 0,77 | α Cru | Acrux | 320 | 12h 26m 35,90s | -63° 05' 56,73" | 3 |
| 5 | 1,70 | ζ Ori | Alnitak | 820 | 5h 40m 45,5s | -1° 56' 34" | 3 |
| 6 | 1,7 | γ Vel | Al Suhail | 840 | 8h 09m 32,0s | -47° 20' 12,0" | 6 |
| 7 | 1,79 | α UMa | Dubhe | 124 | 11h 03m 43,7s | 61° 45' 03" | 4 |
| 8 | 1,95 | ε Car | Avior | 630 | 8h 22m 30,8s | -59° 30' 35" | 2 |
| 9 | 1,95 | δ Vel | delta Velorum | 80 | 8h 44m 42,2s | -54° 42' 30" | 4 |
| 10 | 1,98 | γ Leo | Algieba | 126 | 10h 19m 58,3s | 19° 50' 30" | 2 |
| 11 | 2,06 | α And | Alpheratz | 97 | 0h 08m 23,26s | 29° 05' 25,56" | 2 |
| 12 | 2,10 | γ And | Alamach | 355 | 2h 03m 54s | 42° 19' 47" | 4 |
| 13 | 2,12 | β Per | Algol | 93 | 3h 08m 10,13s | 40° 57' 20,33" | 3 |
| 14 | 2,20 | γ Cen | gamma Centauri | 130 | 12h 41m 31,0s | -48° 57' 35" | 2 |
| 15 | 2,21 | α CrB | Gemma | 75 | 15h 34m 41,3s | 26° 42' 53" | 2 |
| 16 | 2,23 | ζ UMa | Mizar | 78 | 13h 23m 55,5s | 54° 55' 31" | 4 |
| 17 | 2,23 | δ Ori | Mintaka | 920 | 5h 32m 00,4s | 0° 17' 57" | 4 |
| 18 | 2,35 | ε Boo | Izar | 210 | 14h 44m 59,2s | 27° 04' 27,2" | 2 |
| 19 | 2,43 | η Oph | Sabik | 84 | 17h 10m 22,7s | -15° 43' 29,7" | 2 |
| 20 | 2,48 | ε Cyg | Gienah | 165 | 20h 46m 12,5s | 33° 58' 12,9" | 2 |
[edytuj] Zobacz też
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